What you get in your mind upon listening the word, membrane separation? Never mind, don’t put much of a stress on your mind. Just go through this blog.

A membrane separates components of a mix, on the basis of its permeability. Membrane separation makes use of a semi-permeable membrane for allowing only a limited particles to pass through them and reject the rest.

Microfiltration
It uses different-sized molecules as a criterion for their separation. This process disregards coarser materials present in fat, microbes etc. Its applications comprise clarification of wine, juices, whey in dairy industry, recovery of suspended colloids, absorption of slurries. The MWCO for microfiltration membranes is 0.1-10 µm and pressures are 10-15 psi.

Nanofiltration
The separation principle of NF and RO is alike i.e., both these processes separate components on the basis of the differences in their molecular weights. However, NF membranes have smaller pores than the reverse osmosis membranes. MWCO ranges from100-1000 Daltons and pressures are at 100-500 psi. NF is used in in desalting of whey, pesticide removal and coloring components from water.

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Reverse osmosis
RO is used in removal of dissolved solids from water. RO and NF are used in the concentrations of aqueous solutions by membrane elimination of water. MWCO for RO membranes is not over 100 Daltons and pressures are 200-1500psi.

Electrodialysis
Electrodialysis parts non-electrolytes from electrolytes on the basis of migration of ions with the help of ion selective membranes influenced by applied electric field. Food applications of electrodialysis comprise deacidification of fruit juices, demineralization of whey, and water desalting.

Pervaporation
In this process, the membrane is permeable to just one component of a liquid mix. The constituent diffuses through the membrane and is desorbed into the infuse stream. This process comes good in dealcoholization of wines, ethanol separations, and concentration of aqueous essence of fruit juices.

Coming to a Conclusion
It is because of the use of these separation membranes in a lot of industries, as well as in residential applications, the demand for these will continue to rise substantially in the years to come.